Sharing Folder Structure - without Inherited Sharing

Hi - We are enterprise users trying to set up a folder structure template using the function to turn off inherited sharing, and we're having challenges. I turned off inherited sharing for a parent folder, and then shared the parent folder with someone, thinking that I would be sharing just the parent and none of the subfolders. However, it shares everything with that person, so I'm not sure exactly what the inherited sharing is doing in this case. 

We need a way to share a basic folder structure with people, but control which subfolders they have access to. Also, in the case that we want someone to have the parent folder but not all the subfolders, would they have to create their own private versions of the same subfolders? 

Also, I am the person in the company responsible for wrike (therefore I also create the folder structure), but I don't need to have access to confidential finance and HR folders. How should we handle setting up the folder structure in this case?? 

See our example folder structure below: